Skin biopsy is a skin testing technique in which a skin lesion is removed to be sent to a pathologist to render a microscopic diagnosis. It is usually done under local aesthetic in a dermatologist’s office and results are available in 4-10 days.
What are the types of skin biopsy ? There are four main types
- Shave biopsy
- Punch biopsy
- Excisional biopsy
- Incisional biopsy
Why is it done? All skin biopsy is done to diagnose a skin condition if it is clinically not clear. E.g. Papulo-squamous disorders , Blistering disorders, precancerous growths .
How is it done? Several different methods may be used to obtain a skin sample depending on the size and location of the skin lesion. Sample is placed in formaldehyde solution or in a sterile container if infection is suspected. Skin Tissue is examined under a microscope. Shave Biopsy - After a local anesthetic, a surgical scalpel is used to shave off the growth. Stitches are not needed. Punch Biopsy - After local anesthetic, a sharp tool (PUNCH) is placed over lesion, pushed down, and slowly rotated to remove a circular piece of skin. Skin sample is lifted up with forceps and cut from tissue below. Stitches may be required if sample is bigger. Excisional Biopsy - After local anesthetic injection, entire lesion is removed with a scalpel.
How it feels? You will feel a brief stinging pain when local anesthetic is injected. You should not feel any pain when sample is removed.
After the biopsy procedure : Your doctor will give both specific instructions on how to care for your biopsy site. Keep the site clean and dry until it heals completely. Stitches will be taken out 3-4 days after biopsy, depending upon site.
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Reviewed by: Dr. Swapna Manjrekar Desai & Dr. Kaustubh Desai